Annual Summary of Disease Activity:
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Malaria, 2014
Malaria is a febrile illness caused by several protozoan species in the genus Plasmodium. The parasite is transmitted to humans by bites from infected Anopheles genus mosquitoes. The risk of malaria is highest in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Although local transmission of malaria frequently occurred in Minnesota over 100 years ago, all of the cases reported in Minnesota residents in recent years have been imported infections acquired abroad.
In 2014, 51 malaria cases (0.9 per 100,000 population) were reported. Forty-two (82%) cases were identified with P. falciparum, 5 (10%) with P. vivax, and 3 (6%) with mixed Plasmodium species infections; infection with unidentified Plasmodium species was detected in 1 case. The median age of cases was 33 years (range, 2 to 83 years). Of the 48 cases with known race, 44 (92%) were black, 3 (6%) were white, and 1 (2%) was Asian. Fifty cases were Minnesota residents at the time of their illness, 45 (90%) of which resided in the metropolitan area. One patient was a resident of a country other than the United States. Of the 39 cases with known country of birth, 4 (10%) were born in the United States. Forty-six (90%) cases in 2014 likely acquired malaria in Africa and 2 (4%) cases were likely acquired in Asia. Exposure information was not available for 3 of the cases. Fourteen countries were considered possible exposure locations for malaria infections, including Liberia (16), Nigeria (9), Kenya (5), and India (2), as well as several other countries in sub-Saharan Africa.
- For up to date information see>> Malaria
- Full issue>> Annual Summary of Communicable Diseases Reported to the Minnesota Department of Health, 2014